The Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ-25).

The Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ-25) was developed by Lerner and colleagues (Lerner et al 2001). It is one of the most commonly used questionnaires to evaluate at-work disability and productivity loss. It contains 25 items arranged under four subscales addressing four dimensions of job demands namely: time demands, physical demands, mental/interpersonal demands, and output demands. The time demands subscale contains five items on punctuality, pacing, and productivity. The physical demands subscale has six items covering static positioning, moving around, lifting, repetitive movements, posture, and use of tools. The mental or interpersonal demands subscale contains nine items that assess concentration and on-the-job social interactions. The output demands subscale contains five items determining the volume and quality of work (Lerner et al 2001).